Published 25 Feb 10

Zazi: Genome of the homegrown Jihadist

by Walid Phares, Ph.D.
World Defense Review columnist

In a confrontation with a force like al Qaeda, whom the US is fighting in two major battlefields (Afghanistan and Iraq), and as allies are battling within a couple dozen countries on five continents, the guilty plea entered by a US Jihadist who admitted links to this Terror group and detailed his war mission against the homeland. This case deserves high level analysis. Najibullah Zazi is not just an "isolated extremist" caught in September 2009 while crossing a New York bridge with plans to bomb few tunnels—end of the story. Zazi's "Jihad" story is way more than the impressive facts the Justice Department has already revealed. If we focus more on the journey of this determined Jihadist, we would discover one of the "genomes" of homegrown terror. In this essay, I'll only follow the government's release.

The Justice Department announced that Najibullah Zazi pleaded guilty in a "conspiracy to use weapons of mass destruction in the United States," in connection with al-Qaeda. His main attack targeted the New York subway system.

1. Location: "Zazi is a resident of Aurora, Colorado." Urban Jihadists aren't only found in mega-cities and their suburbs, like the Virginia Paintball cell of 2002. They are also found in medium cities, towns and small towns. They can also be found in the countryside, as in the North Carolina case of 2009. It is not a "city social problem" but an ideological one.

2. Age: "Zazi is 25." A reminder that the age group Najibullah belongs to the teenage generation on 9/11. As in the cases of Georgia, Arkansas, and Florida, the question is about who is indoctrinating young American's and immigrants at such an early stage.

3. National Background: "Zazi is a legal permanent resident of the US from Afghanistan." While other Jihadists comes from a variety of countries such as Yemen, Somalia, Egypt, Pakistan, and beyond, the ethno-national parameter isn't applicable as much as it was asserted before. It is the doctrine, not the origin that stands behind these acts of terror.

4. Decision to wage Jihad: "Zazi admitted during the guilty plea allocution, he and others agreed to travel to Afghanistan to join the Taliban and fight against United States and allied forces (...), they were recruited by al-Qaeda after arriving in Peshawar." This statement shows that Zazi and his companions have already made the decision, based on their previous indoctrination, to join the Taliban, then al Qaeda. Meaning an ideological machine is creating the Jihadists here in the US, before the graduates decide to join the ship of their choice.

5. Training and reinserting: The statement said "al-Qaeda transported Zazi and others to the Waziristan region of Pakistan and trained them on several different kinds of weapons, asked them to conduct suicide operations in the US. Zazi had discussions with al-Qaeda leaders about target locations, including subway trains in New York City."

These facts describe the path of an indoctrinated young man in America to become a weaponized Terrorist overseas. Note that during all that time that Jihadists trained by al Qaeda were still not detected in the US. The question is how many similar Zazis are there being trained and reinserted in the US?

6. Taqiya insertion: "Taqiya" in modern times is the Jihadi method of deceit. The government said: "Zazi returned to the United States in January 2009 and moved to Denver; began reviewing the bomb-making notes from his training and conducting research on where to buy the ingredients for the explosives. Zazi then traveled to New York and met with others to discuss the plan, including the timing of the attack and where to make the explosives."

After having been indoctrinated, then connected with al Qaeda, received training, devised attack plans, came back to the US and moved to Denver; he still wasn't detected—not as a member of al Qaeda, but at least as a Jihadis. More dramatic, he connects with other undetected Jihadists in New York and plan the last steps. How many other Jihadists have been successful in being reinserted in the US or recruited by returnees?

The last step before the act was the operational part where Zazi and the Jihadi cell were on their last preps before the strikes. Regardless of the ideology or the identification of the enemy, this is the segment where the challenge is strictly a law enforcement and counter terrorism (CT) one. How many Jihadists have already traveled the journey of indoctrination, of training, reinserting and early stages of preparing for similar operations? In these cases, our law enforcement and CT resources are meeting the Jihadists in the very last stage.

Aside from its legal aspects, the Zazi case shows that America is being penetrated by a network that is producing the Jihadists, lone wolves or cells. The latter, once ideologically self-conscious, are on their own and move forward to their irreversible task: connect with the mother ship and strike back at America. We are meeting them in the last stage.

— Dr. Walid Phares is Director of the Future Terrorism Project at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies (FDD) in Washington, D.C., and a visiting scholar at the European Foundation for Democracy in Brussels. He is the author of the recently released book, The Confrontation: Winning the War against Future Jihad; and of Future Jihad: Terrorist Strategies against the West (2006) and The War of Ideas: Terrorist Strategies against the West (2007), available at www.walidphares.com.
    Dr. Phares holds degrees in law and political science from Saint Joseph University and the Lebanese University in Beirut, a Masters in international law from the Universite de Lyons in France and a Ph.D. in international relations and strategic studies from the University of Miami.
    He has taught and lectured at numerous universities worldwide, practiced law in Beirut, and served as publisher of Sawt el-Mashreq and Mashrek International. He has taught Middle East political issues, ethnic and religious conflict, and comparative politics at Florida Atlantic University until 2006. He has been teaching Jihadi strategies at the National Defense University since 2007.
    Dr. Phares has written eight books on the Middle East and published hundreds of articles in newspapers and scholarly publications such as Global Affairs, Middle East Quarterly, the Journal of South Asian and Middle East Studies and the Journal of International Security. He has appeared on CNN, MSNBC, Fox News, NBC, CBS, ABC, PBS, BBC, al Jazeera, al Hurra, al Arabiya, as well as on many radio broadcasts.
    Aside from serving on the boards of several national and international think tanks and human rights associations, Dr. Phares has testified before the US Senate Subcommittees on the Middle East and South East Asia, the House Committees on International Relations and Homeland Security and regularly conducts congressional and State Department as well as European Parliament and UN Security Council briefings.

Visit Dr. Phares on the web at walidphares.com and defenddemocracy.org.

© 2010 Walid Phares

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